OKCPS
OCPS ACADEMIC STANDARDS

Language Arts - Grade 12

Language Arts

The Priority Academic Student Skills (PASS) set forth the basic skills for Oklahoma students. These skills are meant to be used by educators in developing language arts curriculum appropriate to the needs of their students. There are several English/Language Arts sections in the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS), Form M:
    Reading - - assesses Vocabulary, World Analysis, and Reading Comprehension
    Vocabulary - - assesses the students' verbal ability
    Language Arts - - assesses Listening, Spelling, Capitalization, Punctuation, and Language Usage & Expression/Writing Process The Stanford Achievement Test, Ninth Edition (SAT-9) contains six subtests for Language Arts levels Primary 1 through Primary 3. At the higher levels, there are seven subtests. The Oklahoma Core Curriculum Test (P.A.S.S. Exam) for reading and writing offers descriptors of student performance levels for grade 5, grade 8, and English II. The English section of the ACT contains five reading passages and seventy-five multiple-choice questions:
    * Ten questions dealing with punctuation
    * Twelve questions dealing with grammar
    * Eighteen questions dealing with sentence structure
    * Eleven questions dealing with revising and strengthening a passage
    * Twelve questions dealing with changing words for style and clarity
    * Twelve questions dealing with explaining or supporting a point of view clearly and effectively
    
The Reading section of the ACT contains four reading passages dealing with the following topics:
    * Natural Science
    * Social Studies
    * Humanities
    * Literature The Oklahoma PASS sets forth standards for Language Arts.

Grade 12

The Oklahoma PASS provides learning goals for language arts that students must meet by the end of twelfth grade. The American College Test (ACT) is typically given to students in the later years of high school prior to applying to colleges.


Genres

    1.1 Informational Text: Criteria
The learner will be able to use a variety of criteria (e.g., clarity, accuracy, effectiveness, bias, relevance of facts) to evaluate informational media (e.g., Web sites, documentaries, news programs) and identify the rules and expectations about genre that can be manipulated for particular effects or purposes (e.g., combining or altering conventions of different genres, such as presenting news as entertainment; blurring of genres, such as drama-documentaries.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Informational Text Analysis Master 0.5 OK: PASS Visual 2.1 & 2.2
  
    1.2 Genre: Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze the characteristics of genres including short story, novel, drama, poetry, and essay.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Story/Short Story Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 3.1a
  
    1.3 Subgenres: Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze the characteristics of subgenres including allegory, ballad, elegy, ode, parody, pastoral, satire and tragedy.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Genre: Characteristics Analysis Master 0.5 OK: PASS Reading 3.1b
  
    1.4 Analyze: Historical Context/Event
The learner will be able to analyze and evaluate works of literature and the historical context in which they were written and literature from various cultures to broaden cultural awareness.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Historical Fiction/Context: Analyze Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 3.4a & b
  
    1.5 Analyze: Archetypal/Characters
The learner will be able to compare works that express the recurrence of archetypal (universal modes or patterns) characters, settings, and themes in literature and provide evidence to support the ideas expressed in each work and analyze the clarity and consistency of political assumptions in a selection of literary works or essays on a topic.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
World Literature: Analyze Analysis Master 2.0 OK: PASS Reading 3.4c & d
  
    1.6 Functional Text: Documents/Examine
The learner will be able to examine the structure and format of informational and literary documents and explain how authors apply these features to accomplish their purpose.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Functional Text Analysis Master 1.5 OK: PASS Reading 2.4b
  
    1.7 Functional Text: Rhetorical/Use
The learner will be able to investigate both the features and the rhetorical (communication) devices of different types of public documents, such as policy statements, speeches, or debates, and the ways in which authors use those features and devices.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Functional Text Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.4a
  

Reading Operations

    3.1 Trait: Analyze/ Narration/Dialogue
The learner will be able to analyze characters' traits by what the characters say about themselves in narration, dialogue, and soliloquy (when they speak out loud to themselves).
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Character: Trait Analysis Master OK: PASS Reading 3.2c
  
    3.2 Inferences: Conflict
The learner will be able to interpret the possible inferences of the historical context on literary works and describe the development of plot and identify conflict and how they are addressed and resolved.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Critical Thinking Evaluation Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.2a & b
  
    3.3 Text: Summarize/Paraphrase
The learner will be able to summarize and paraphrase complex, implicit hierarchic structures in informational texts, including relationships among concepts and details in those structures.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Summary Evaluation Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.3c
  
    3.4 Construct Meaning: Variety/Texts
The learner will be able to use study strategies such as note taking, outlining, and using study-guide questions to better understand texts.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Constructing Meaning Application Master OK: PASS Reading 2.1c
  
    3.5 Main Idea: Minor/Detail/Determine
The learner will be able to determine the main idea and supporting details by producing summaries of text.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Main Idea Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.3a
  
    3.6 Theme: Affect/Support
The learner will be able to evaluate the way in which the theme or meaning of a selection represents a view or comment on life, using textual evidence to support the claim.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Themes Analysis Master 1.5 OK: PASS Reading 3.2a
  
    3.7 Inference: Generalizations/Support
The learner will be able to use text features and elements to support inferences and generalizations about information.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Inference Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.3b
  
    3.8 Compare/Contrast: Text Features
The learner will be able to compare and contrast elements of text such as themes, conflicts, and allusions both within and across text.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Compare/Contrast Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.3d
  
    3.9 Organization: Aid/Understanding
The learner will be able to use organizational strategies as an aid to comprehend increasingly difficult content material (e.g., compare/contrast, cause/effect, problem/solution, sequential order).
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Organization Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 4.1c
  
    3.10 Figurative Language: Identify
The learner will be able to identify and explain figurative language including analogy, hyperbole, metaphor, personification and simile, sound devices including alliteration and rhyme, and analyze the melodies of literary language, including its use of evocative words, rhythms and rhymes.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Literary Device Comprehension Master 0.5 OK: PASS Reading 3.3a, b & c
  
    3.11 Response: Influence/Explore
The learner will be able to identify influences on a reader's response to a text (e.g., personal experience and values; perspectives shaped by age, gender, class, or nationality).
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Reading Responses: Affective Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.2c
  
    3.12 Response: Language/Clarity/Explain
The learner will be able to analyze the way in which clarity of meaning is affected by the patterns of organization, repetition of the main ideas, organization of language, and word choice in the text.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Reading Responses: General Comprehension Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.4c
  
    3.13 Argument: Assertions/Evidence
The learner will be able to make reasonable assertions about authors' arguments by using elements of the text to defend and clarify interpretations.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Argument Analysis Master 0.5 OK: PASS Reading 2.2d
  
    3.14 Reading: Comprehension
The learner will be able to identify the structures and format of various informational documents and explain how authors use the features to achieve their purpose, explain specific devices an author uses to accomplish purpose (persuasive techniques, style, literary forms or genres, portrayal of themes, language), construct images such as graphic organizers based on text descriptions and text structures, and read silently with comprehension for a sustained period of time.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Critical Thinking Evaluation Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.1a, b, d, & e
  
    3.15 Archetypes/Credibility: Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze the way in which authors have used archetypes (universal modes or patterns) drawn from myth and tradition in literature, film, political speeches, and religious writings and evaluate the credibility of information sources, including how the writer's motivation may affect that credibility.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Analyzing Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 2.4d & e
  
    3.16 Analyze: Irony/Tone/Mood/Style
The learner will be able to analyze the way in which irony, tone, mood, the author's style, and the "sound" of language achieve specific rhetorical (communication) or aesthetic (artistic) purposes or both.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Analyzing Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 3.2b
  
    3.17 Literary: Devices/Techniques
The learner will be able to evaluate the significance of various literary devices and techniques, including imagery, allegory (the use of fictional figures and actions to express truths about human experiences), and symbolism (the use of symbols to represent an idea or theme), and explain their appeal.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Literary Device Evaluation Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 3.2d
  
    3.18 Author: Purpose/Time/Sequence
The learner will be able to evaluate the author's purpose and the development of time and sequence, including the use of complex literary devices, such as foreshadowing (providing clues to future events) or flashbacks (interrupting the sequence of events to include information about an event that happened in the past).
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Author Evaluation Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 3.2e
  

Study and Research Skills
The Study and Research Skills Unit includes developing organization and research skills needed to find appropriate resources, to judge resources as relevant or not relevant to a given topic, to categorize and synthesize information, to take notes in class, and to study for exams.

    5.1 Sources: Complexities
The learner will be able to identify complexities and inconsistencies in the information and the different perspectives found in each medium, including almanacs, microfiche, news sources, field studies, speeches, journals, technical documents, or Internet sources.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Reference Knowledge Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 4.2d
  
    5.2 Skim: Scan/Information
The learner will be able to skim text for an overall impression and scan text for particular information.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Skim Application Master 1.5 OK: PASS Reading 4.1b
  
    5.3 Research Skills: Studies/Synthesize
The learner will be able to synthesize information from multiple sources to draw conclusions that go beyond those found in any of the individual studies.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Research Skills Synthesis Master 2.0 OK: PASS Reading 4.2c
  
    5.4 Organize: Reports/Summaries
The learner will be able to compile written ideas and information into reports, summaries, or other formats and draw conclusions.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Research Skills: Organize Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 4.2f
  
    5.5 Information: Paraphrase/Credibility
The learner will be able to summarize, paraphrase, and/or quote relevant information and determine the author's viewpoint to evaluate source credibility and reliability.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Interpret Evaluation Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 4.2a & b
  
    5.6 Presentations: Develop
The learner will be able to develop presentations by using clear research questions and creative and critical research strategies, such as field studies, oral histories, interviews, experiments, and Internet sources.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Reference Synthesis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 4.2e
  

Vocabulary

    6.1 Content Area: Greek/Latin/Inference
The learner will be able to apply knowledge of Greek, Anglo-Saxon, and Latin roots and word parts to draw inferences about new words that have been created in the fields of science and mathematics (gene splicing, genetic engineering).
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Vocabulary: Content Area Application Master OK: PASS Reading 1.1
  
    6.2 Words: Unfamiliar/Research
The learner will be able to research unfamiliar words based on characters, themes, or historical events.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Words Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 1.2
  
    6.3 Analogy: Comparisons/Relationships
The learner will be able to analyze the meaning of analogies encountered, analyzing specific comparisons as well as relationships and inferences.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Analogy Analysis Master OK: PASS Reading 1.3
  
    6.4 Analyze: Meaning/Context
The learner will be able to rely on context to determine meaning of words and phrases such as figurative language, connotations and denotations of words, analogies, idioms, and technical vocabulary.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Vocabulary Strategies: Analyze Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Reading 1.4
  

Language Arts Processes

    8.1 Conventions: Use/Active Voice
The learner will be able to distinguish active and passive voice and use parallel structure.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Composing: Language Conventions Application Master 2.0 OK: PASS Writing 3.1d & 3.3a
  

Language Mechanics
The Language Mechanics Unit includes comprehending and applying the rules that govern punctuation and capitalization when writing and editing written works.

    9.1 Punctuation: Use/Grade Level
The learner will be able to demonstrate correct use of punctuation and recognize its effect on sentence structure.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Punctuation Application, Synthesis Master 1.5 OK: PASS Writing 3.2c
  
    9.2 Mechanics: Use Correct
The learner will be able to demonstrate correct use of capitals.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Mechanics Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 3.2a
  

Language Expressions

    10.1 Grammar: Confused Words
The learner will be able to distinguish commonly confused words (e.g., there, their, they're; two, to, too; accept, except; affect, effect).
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Grammar Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 3.1a
  
    10.2 Verb Tense: Written/Use
The learner will be able to use correct verb forms and tenses.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Verb Tense Application Master 1.5 OK: PASS Writing 3.1b
  
    10.3 Adjective: Superlative/Comparative
The learner will be able to use and identify superlative and comparative adjectives.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Adjective Application Master OK: PASS Writing 3.1f
  
    10.4 Subject-Verb: Agreement
The learner will be able to use correct subject-verb agreement.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Subject-Verb Agreement Application Master 2.0 OK: PASS Writing 3.1c
  
    10.5 Pronoun: Referent/Writing
The learner will be able to use pronouns effectively, correct pronoun/antecedent agreement, and clear pronoun reference.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Pronoun Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 3.1e
  
    10.6 Fragment/Run-On: Edit
The learner will be able to edit a series of sentences for fragments or run-ons.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Sentence Structure/Fragment/Run-On Analysis Master 1.5 OK: PASS Writing 3.3c & d
  
    10.7 Usage: Plurals/Use
The learner will be able to use correct formation of plurals.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Usage Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 3.2b
  
    10.8 Edit: Written Works/Dangling
The learner will be able to correct dangling and misplaced modifiers.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Modifier: Edit Analysis Master 0.5 OK: PASS Writing 3.3b
  

Listening
The Listening Unit includes identifying and distinguishing between sounds and patterns in sounds, constructing meaning from information delivered verbally, and understanding and responding to verbal information.

    11.1 Presentation: Respond/Listen
The learner will be able to listen and respond appropriately to presentations and performances of peers or published works such as original essays or narratives, interpretations of poetry, and individual or group performances.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Presentation Comprehension Master 0.5 OK: PASS Oral 1.3
  
    11.2 Interpret: Critical/Message
The learner will be able to demonstrate proficiency in critical, empathetic, appreciative, and reflective listening to interpret, respond and evaluate speaker's messages.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Critical Listening: Interpret Application Master 1.5 OK: PASS Oral 1.1
  
    11.3 Strategies: Listening
The learner will be able to use effective strategies for listening to interpret, respond, and evaluate speaker's messages, to evaluate own listening, and to provide appropriate feedback in variety of situations.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Listening Behaviors Master 1.0 OK: PASS Oral 1.1, 1.4, & 1.5
  

Media

    12.1 Media: Effect/Reality
The learner will be able to use the effects of media on constructing his/her own perception of reality and use a variety of forms and technologies such as videos, photographs, and Web sites to communicate specific messages.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Media Application Master OK: PASS Visual 3.1 & 3.2
  
    12.2 Visual Media: Interpret
The learner will be able to use a range of strategies to interpret visual media (e.g., draw conclusions, make generalizations, synthesize material viewed, refer to images or information in visual media to support point of view) and demonstrate how editing shapes meaning in visual media (e.g., omission of alternative perspectives; filtered or implied viewpoints; emphasis of specific ideas, images, or information in order to serve particular interest).
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Media Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Visual 1.1 & 1.2
  

Speaking

    13.1 Informative: Language/Rhetoric
The learner will be able to use language and rhetorical strategies skillfully in informative and persuasive messages.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Presentation: Informative Application Master OK: PASS Oral 2.2
  
    13.2 Verbal/Nonverbal Techniques: Use
The learner will be able to use a variety of verbal and nonverbal techniques in presenting oral messages such as pitch and tone of voice, posture, and eye contact, and demonstrate poise and control while presenting.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Presentation: Style/Organization Application Master OK: PASS Oral 2.1
  
    13.3 Questions: Purposes/Variety
The learner will be able to ask clear questions for a variety of purposes and respond appropriately to the questions of others.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Questions Application Master OK: PASS Oral 2.6
  
    13.4 Research: Primary/Secondary/Use
The learner will be able to access information from a variety of primary and secondary sources.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Presentation: Research Application Master OK: PASS Reading 4.1a
  
    13.5 Appeals: Enhance
The learner will be able to use logical, ethical, and emotional appeals that enhance a specific tone and purpose and use effective and interesting language, including informal expression for effect, Standard English for clarity, and technical language for specificity.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Communication Skills Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Oral 2.3 & 2.4
  
    13.6 Creative: Visual/Musical/Sound
The learner will be able to evaluate when to use different kinds of effects (including visuals, music, sound, and graphics) to create a presentation.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Presentation: Creative Evaluation Master 0.5 OK: PASS Oral 2.5
  

Writing

    14.1 Writing as a Process: Composition
The learner will be able to use prewriting strategies to generate ideas such as brainstorming, using graphic organizers, keeping notes and logs.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Writing as a Process Application Master OK: PASS Writing 1.1a
  
    14.2 Reflective: Experiences/Events
The learner will be able to explore the significance of personal experiences, events, conditions, or concerns by using rhetorical strategies, including narration, description, exposition, and persuasion, draw comparisons between specific incidents and broader themes, and maintain a balance in describing individual incidents and relate those incidents to more general and abstract ideas.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Expressive: Reflective Analysis Master OK: PASS Writing 2.3a, b, & c
  
    14.3 Narrative: Various Types
The learner will be able to write fictional, biographical, or autobiographical narratives that narrate a sequence of events and communicate their significance to the audience, identify scenes and incidents in specific places, describe with specific details the sight, sounds, and smells of a scene, and present action segments to accommodate changes in time and mood.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Narrative Application Master 0.5 OK: PASS Writing 2.1a, b, c, & d
  
    14.4 Writing: Refine/Publish
The learner will be able to organize and reorganize drafts and refine style to suit occasion, audience, and purpose, edit for specific purposes such as to ensure standard usage, varied sentence structure, appropriate word choice, mechanics and spelling and refine selected pieces frequently to publish for general and specific audiences.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Writing as a Process Evaluation Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 1.1c, e, & f
  
    14.5 Write: Different/Purposes
The learner will be able to write for different purposes and to a specific audience or person, adjusting tone, and style as necessary to make writing interesting. Continue to produce other forms of writing introduced in earlier grades.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Writing Behaviors Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 2.5
  
    14.6 Composition: Ideas/Paragraphs
The learner will be able to develop multiple drafts both alone and collaboratively to categorize ideas organizing them into paragraphs, and blending paragraphs into larger text.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Essay/Composition Master OK: PASS Writing 1.1b
  
    14.7 Response: Imagery/Theme/Examine
The learner will be able to write responses to literature that demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of the significant ideas in works or passages, analyze the use of imagery, language, universal themes, and unique aspects of the text, support important ideas and viewpoints through accurate and detailed reference to the text or to other works, demonstrate an understanding of author's style and an appreciation of the effects created, and identify and assess the impact of ambiguities, nuances, and complexities within the text.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Writing Responses Application Master OK: PASS Writing 2.4a, b, c, d, & e
  
    14.8 Strategies: Discourse/Elements
The learner will be able to deomonstrate an understanding of the elements of discourse, such as purpose, speaker, audience, and form when completing narrative expository, persuasive, or descriptive writing assignments.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Writing Strategies Comprehension Master OK: PASS Writing 1.2
  
    14.9 Research Paper: Documented/MLA
The learner will be able to write documented papers incorporating the techniquesof Modern Language Association (MLA) or similar parenthetical styles.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Research Paper Application Master OK: PASS Writing 2.6
  
    14.10 Edit: Organization/Content
The learner will be able to proofread writing for appropriateness of organization, content, and style.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Editing Analysis Master 0.5 OK: PASS Writing 1.1d
  
    14.11 Evaluating Writing: Own/Others
The learner will be able to evaluate own writing and others' writing to highlight the individual voice, improve sentence variety and style, and enhance subtlety of meaning and tone in ways that are consistent with the purpose, audience, and form of writing.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Evaluating Writing Evaluation Master 2.0 OK: PASS Writing 1.6
  
    14.12 Rhetorical Devices: Use
The learner will be able to enhance meaning by using rhetorical devices, including the extended use of parallelism, repetition, and analogy and the issuance of a call for actions.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Devices Synthesis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 1.3
  
    14.13 Point of View/Style: Use
The learner will be able to use point of view, characterization, style, and related elements for specific rhetorical (communication) and aesthetic (artistic) purposes.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Devices Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 1.4
  
    14.14 Ideas/Arguments: Structure
The learner will be able to structures ideas and arguments in a sustained and persuasive way and support them with precise and relevant examples.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Support Analysis Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 1.5
  
    14.15 Writing: Style/Voice
The learner will be able to further develop unique writing style and voice, improve sentence variety, and enhance subtlety of meaning and tone in ways that are consistent with the purpose, audience, and of writing.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Writing as a Process Application Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 1.7
  
    14.16 Write: Historical Investigations
The learner will be able to write historical investigations that use exposition, narration, description, argumentation, analyze several historical records, explain the perceived reason or reasons for the similarities and differences in historical records, include information from all relevant perspectives, and include a formal bibliography.
Strand Bloom's Scope Hours Source
Style Evaluation Master 1.0 OK: PASS Writing 2.2a, b, c, d, & e
  

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