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OKCPS Language Arts The Priority Academic Student Skills (PASS) set forth the basic skills for Oklahoma students. These skills are meant to be used by educators in developing language arts curriculum appropriate to the needs of their students.
There are several English/Language Arts sections in the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS), Form M: Grade 10 The Oklahoma PASS provides learning goals for language arts that students must meet by the end of tenth grade.
The Oklahoma Core Curriculum Test (P.A.S.S. Exam) for reading and writing offers descriptors of student performance levels for students in English II.
The American College Test (ACT) is typically given to students in the later years of high school prior to applying to colleges. |
| Genres |
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1.1 Literature: Analyze/Evaluate
The learner will be able to analyze and evaluate works of literature and the historical context in which they were written and literature from various cultures to broaden cultural awareness.
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1.2 Author Viewpoint: Determine
The learner will be able to determine the author's viewpoint to evaluate source credibility and reliability.
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1.3 Author Intention: Evaluate
The learner will be able to evaluate the author's purpose and the development of time and sequence, including the use of complex literary devices, such as foreshadowing (providing clues to future events) or flashbacks (interrupting the sequence of events to include information about an event that happened in the past) and understand specific devices an author uses to accomplish purpose (persuasive techniques, style, literary forms or genre, portrayal of themes, language).
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1.4 Genre:: Analyze Characteristics
The learner will be able to analyze the characteristics of genres including short story, novel, drama, narrative and lyric poetry, and essay.
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1.5 SubGenres: Analyze Characteristics
The learner will be able to analyze the characteristics of subgenres such as satire, sonnet, epic, myths and legends, mystery, and editorials.
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1.6 Evaluate: Literary Devices
The learner will be able to evaluate the significance of various literary devices and techniques, including imagery, irony, tone, allegory (the use of fictional figures and actions to express truths about human experiences), and symbolism (the use of symbols to represent an idea or theme), and explain their appeal.
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1.7 Informational: Hierarchic Structure
The learner will be able to summarize and paraphrase complex, implicit hierarchic structures in informational texts, including relationships among concepts and details in those structures.
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1.8 Informational Text: Structure
The learner will be able to identify the structures and format of various informational documents and explain how authors use the features to achieve their purpose.
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1.9 Persuasive: Deceptive/Faulty/Assess
The learner will be able to evaluate deceptive and/or faulty arguments in persuasive texts.
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1.10 Point of View: Explain/Credibility
The learner will be able to explain how an author's viewpoint, or choice of a narrator affects the characterization and the tone, plot, mood and credibility of a text.
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1.11 Compare: Archetypal
The learner will be able to compare works that express the recurrence of archetypal (universal modes or patterns) characters, settings, and themes in literature and provide evidence to support the ideas expressed in each work.
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1.12 Figurative Language: Identify/Use
The learner will be able to identify and use figurative language such as analogy, hyperbole, metaphor, personification, and simile, identify and use sound devices such as rhyme, alliteration, and onomatopoeia, and analyze the melodies of literary language, including its use of evocative words, rhythms and rhymes.
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| Reading Operations |
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3.1 Story Elements: Describe/Analyze
The learner will be able to describe and analyze elements of fiction including plot, conflict, character, setting, theme, mood, point of view and how they are addressed and resolved.
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3.2 Trait: Analyze/ Narration/Dialogue
The learner will be able to analyze characters' traits by what the characters say about themselves in narration, dialogue, and soliloquy (when they speak out loud to themselves).
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3.3 Defend: Responses/Interpretations
The learner will be able to use elements of the text to defend responses and interpretations.
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3.4 Reader: Influences
The learner will be able to investigate influences on a reader's response to a text (e.g., personal experience and values; perspective shaped by age, gender, class, nationality).
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3.5 Complex Passages: Main Idea
The learner will be able to determine the main idea, locate and intepret minor or subtly stated details in complex passages.
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3.6 Discriminate: Fact/Opinion/Fiction
The learner will be able to discriminate between fact and opinion and fiction and nonfiction.
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3.7 Documents: Structure/Format
The learner will be able to analyze the structure and format of informational and literary documents and explain how authors use the features to achieve their purposes.
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3.8 Techniques: Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze techniques (e.g., language, organization, tone, context) used to convey opinions or impressions.
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3.9 Main Idea/ Images: Emphasize
The learner will be able to emphasize main ideas or images.
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3.10 Inference/Generalizations: Support
The learner will be able to use text features and elements to support inferences and generalizations about information.
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3.11 Inference: Support/Text Evidence
The learner will be able to draw inferences such as conclusions, generalizations, and predictions, and support them with text evidence and personal experience.
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3.12 Information: Relevant/Quote
The learner will be able to summarize, paraphrase, and/or quote relevant information.
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3.13 Strategies: Monitor/Self-Correct
The learner will be able to use a range of automatic monitoring and self-correcting methods (e.g., rereading, slowing down, subvocalizing, consulting resources, questioning).
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3.14 Organization: Transitional
The learner will be able to recognize signal/transitional words and phrases and their contributions to the meaning of the text (e.g., however, in spite of, for example, consequently).
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3.15 Organization: Aid/Understanding
The learner will be able to use organizational strategies as an aid to comprehend increasingly difficult content material (e.g., compare/contrast, cause/effect, problem/solution, sequential order).
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3.16 Purpose/Audience: Different Types
The learner will be able to write for different purposes and audiences, adjusting tone, style, and voice as appropriate and continue to produce other writing forms introduced in earlier grades (e.g., write stories, reports, and letters showing a variety of word choices, or review a favorite book or film).
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3.17 Research: Primary/Secondary/Use
The learner will be able to access information from a variety of primary and secondary sources.
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| Spelling |
| The Spelling Unit includes studying language and word structure knowledge to discern the correct spelling of words. It includes skills related to editing passages for correct spelling by making connections between spelling, meaning, and structure. |
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4.1 Strategies: Connecting
The learner will be able to research word origins as an aid to understanding meaning, derivations, and spelling as well as influences on the English language.
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4.2 Spelling: Commonly Misspelled
The learner will be able to distinguish correct spelling of commonly misspelled words and homonyms.
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| Study and Research Skills |
| The Study and Research Skills Unit includes developing organization and research skills needed to find appropriate resources, to judge resources as relevant or not relevant to a given topic, to categorize and synthesize information, to take notes in class, and to study for exams. |
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5.1 Sources: Differentiate Information
The learner will be able to identify complexities and inconsistencies in the information and the different perspectives found in each medium, including almanacs, microfiche, news sources, in-depth field studies, speeches, journals, technical documents, or Internet sources.
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5.2 Sources: Synthesize Information
The learner will be able to synthesize information from multiple sources to draw conclusions that go beyond those found in any of the individual studies.
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5.3 Skim: Scan/Information
The learner will be able to skim text for an overall impression and scan text for particular information.
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5.4 Business: Use Proper/Format
The learner will be able to follow conventional style with page formats, fonts (typeface), and spacing that contribute to the document's readability and impact.
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| Vocabulary |
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6.1 Base Word: Greek/Latin/Recognize
The learner will be able to apply a knowledge of Greek (e.g., tele/phone, micro/phone), Latin (e.g., flex/ible), and Anglo-Saxon (e.g., un/friend/ly) roots, prefixes, and suffixes to determine word meanings.
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6.2 Word Meaning: Discriminate
The learner will be able to discriminate between connotative and denotative meanings and interpret the connotative power of words.
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6.3 Context: Meaning/Verify
The learner will be able to use word meanings within the appropriate context and verify these meanings by definition, restatement, example, and analogy.
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6.4 Reference Sources: Clarify/Variety
The learner will be able to use reference material such as glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, and available technology to determine precise meaning and usage.
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6.5 Appropriate: Command of Language
The learner will be able to use precise word choices, including figurative language, that convey specific meaning.
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| Language Arts Processes |
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8.1 Conventions: Use/Active Voice
The learner will be able to write a persuasive composition that addresses reader's concerns, counterclaims, biases, and expectations.
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| Language Mechanics |
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9.1 Punctuation: Use/Grade Level
The learner will be able to demonstrate correct use of capitals and correct use of punctuation and recognize its effect on sentence structure.
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| Language Expressions |
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10.1 Adjective: Comparative/Superlative
The learner will be able to use correct forms of comparative and superlative adjectives.
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10.2 Grammar: Confused Words
The learner will be able to distinguish commonly confused words (e.g., there, their, they're; two, to, too; accept, except; affect, effect).
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10.3 Subject-Verb: Agreement
The learner will be able to use correct subject-verb agreement.
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10.4 Pronoun: Referent/Use
The learner will be able to use correct pronoun/antecedent agreement and clear pronoun reference.
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10.5 Formation: Use
The learner will be able to use correct formation of plurals.
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10.6 Verb Tense: Use
The learner will be able to use correct verb forms and tenses and distinguish between active and passive voice.
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10.7 Sentence Structure: Various/Use
The learner will be able to use a variety of sentence structures, types, and lengths to contribute to fluency and interest.
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10.8 Fragment/Run-On: Edit
The learner will be able to correct run-on sentences and fragments.
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10.9 Parallel Structure: Writing/Use
The learner will be able to use parallel structure.
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10.10 Edit: Dangling/Misplaced Modifier
The learner will be able to correct dangling and misplaced modifiers.
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| Listening |
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11.1 Evaluate: Peers/Media
The learner will be able to evaluate informative and persuasive presentations of peers, public figures, and media presentations.
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11.2 Presentation: Listen/Respond
The learner will be able to listen and respond appropriately to presentations and performances of peers or published works such as original essays or narratives, interpretations of poetry and individual or group performances.
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| Media |
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12.1 Media Message: Effective/Prepare
The learner will be able to prepare, organize, and present a variety of informative and persuasive messages effectively.
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12.2 Media Presentation: Central Idea
The learner will be able to investigate and present the sources of a media presentation or production such as who made it and why it was made and analyze the presentation to get the main idea of the message's content and compose one using a similar format.
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12.3 Media Message: Language/Content
The learner will be able to recall that people with special interests and expectations are the target audience for particular messages or products in visual media. Select and design language and content that reflect this appeal (e.g., in advertising and sales techniques aimed specifically towards teenagers; in products aimed toward different classes, races, ages, genders; in the appeal of popular television shows and films for particular audience).
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12.4 Media: Bias/Recognize
The learner will be able to identify the use of stereotypes and biases in visual media (e.g., distorted representations of society; imagery and stereotyping in advertising; elements of stereotypes such as physical characteristics, manner of speech, beliefs, attitudes).
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12.5 Media Presentation: Sources
The learner will be able to engage in critical, empathetic, appreciative, and reflective listening to interpret, respond, and evaluate speaker's messages.
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| Speaking |
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13.1 Technical Language: Use
The learner will be able to use formal, informal, standard, and technical language effectively to meet the needs of purpose, audience, occasion, and task.
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13.2 Verbal/Nonverbal Techniques: Use
The learner will be able to use a variety of verbal and nonverbal techniques in presenting oral messages and demonstrate poise and control while presenting.
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13.3 Evaluator: Feedback
The learner will be able to use feedback to evaluate own effectiveness and set goals for future presentations.
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| Writing |
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14.1 Strategies: Writing/Organizing
The learner will be able to use prewriting strategies to generate ideas such as brainstorming, using graphic organizer, keeping notes and logs and develop multiple drafts both alone and collaboratively to categorize ideas organizing them into paragraphs, and blending paragraphs into larger text.
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14.2 Literature: Author Style/Effects
The learner will be able to demonstrate awareness of author's style and an appreciation of the effects created.
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14.3 Communicate: Information/Ideas
The learner will be able to write expository compositions, including analytical essays and research reports that include evidence in support of a thesis (position on the topic) including information on all releveant perspectives, communicate information and ideas from primary and secondary sources accurately and coherently, show distinctions between the relative value and significance of specific date, facts, and ideas and include a variety of reference sources such as pictorial, audio, and Internet sources, to locate information in support of topic.
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14.4 Expository: Technology/Organize
The learner will be able to include visual aids using technology to organize and record information on charts, data tables, maps, and graphs.
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14.5 Expository: Technical Terms
The learner will be able to use technical terms and notations accurately.
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14.6 Narrative: Nonfiction
The learner will be able to write a biographical or autobiographical narrative or short stories that identify a real person, living or not, who has had a special influence on other people, provide a sequence of factual events and communicate the significance of the events to the person, isolate specific scenes and incidents in times and places significant to defining the person's influence, use anecdotes or describe with specific details the sight, sounds, and smells of a scene and the specific actions, movements, gestures, and feelings of the person; use interior monologue (what person says silently to self) to show the person's qualitites and beliefs, and present action segments to accommodate changes in time and mood.
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14.7 Reflective Writing: State Purpose
The learner will be able to write reflective papers that may address one of the following purposes: express the individual's insight into conditions or situations, compare a scene from a work of fiction with a lesson learned from experience, or complete a self-evaluation on a class performance.
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14.8 Responses: Literature
The learner will be able to write responses to literature that demonstrate a comprehensive grasp of the significant ideas of literary works.
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14.9 Responses: Ideas/Viewpoints
The learner will be able to write responses to literature that supports important ideas and viewpoints through accurate and detailed reference to the text or other works.
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14.10 Responses: Impact
The learner will be able to write responses to literature that identify and assess the impact of ambiguities, nuances, and complexities within the text.
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14.11 Responses: Extend/Writing
The learner will be able to write responses to literature that extend writing by changing mood, plot, characterization, or voice.
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14.12 Persuasive: Positions/Clarify
The learner will be able to clarify and defend positions with precise and relevant evidence, including facts, expert opinions, quotations, expressions of commonly accepted beliefs, and logical reasoning.
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14.13 Communication: Devices
The learner will be able to use specific rhetorical (communication) devices to support assertions, such as appealing to logic through reasoning; appealing to emotion or ethical beliefs; or relating to a personal anecdote, case study, or analogy.
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14.14 Research Paper: Documented/MLA
The learner will be able to write documented papers incorporating the techniques of Modern Language Association (MLA) or similar parenthetical styles.
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14.15 Edit: Organization/Content
The learner will be able to proofread writing for appropriateness of organization, content, and style.
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14.16 Edit: Particular/Purpose
The learner will be able to edit for specific purposes such as to ensure standard usage, varied sentence structure, appropriate word choice, mechanics, and spelling.
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14.17 Drafting: Organizing/Reorganizing
The learner will be able to organize and reorganize drafts and refine style to suit occasion, audience, and purpose.
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